Map the Ecosystem
Identify who holds power, who is most affected, and how surrounding organizations, policies, and informal networks will enable or resist this change.
- Which actors have veto power, explicit or informal?
- What past change efforts left scar tissue here?
- How does information flow across the ecosystem?
- Who is traditionally excluded from change design?
Read the Culture
Surface formal and informal cultural patterns shaping how people actually respond — not how leaders assume. Distinguish espoused values from lived norms.
- What gets whispered when leadership leaves the room?
- How does power distance shape speaking up or dissent?
- What norms are dominant here?
- Which groups experience this change differently?
Assess Differential Impact
Set a universal change goal; then disaggregate by group to identify who is differently situated. Barriers are not equal — strategies must address structural conditions.
- Are we applying the same strategy even when conditions differ? Is the strategy having the intended impact?
- What data do we have disaggregated by role, tenure, and other factors?
- What would it take for the furthest from the goal to succeed?
- Are our strategies remedial or transformative?
Design Targeted Strategy
Build strategies reflecting ecosystem, culture, and impact findings. Design multiple pathways — not one message, one training, one plan for everyone.
- What minimum behavior signals real adoption vs. compliance?
- Does communication reflect how different groups receive information?
- Are leaders modeling the change daily, not just at launch?
- How will we know if change is stuck in formal structures only?
- Powell, J. (2020). Targeted Universalism. UC Berkeley.
- Frontiers in Sustainability (2025). Organizational Ecosystem Change Model.
- Edmondson, A. (1999). Psychological Safety. MIT.
- Hofstede, G. (1980/2010). Cultural Dimensions Theory.
- Sansberry, K.D. (2020). Organizational Shadow Culture.